Kappos says the first to file system represents only a minimal change and would still protect the inventor:
The new system would not create a situation where someone could steal an idea and win a race to the patent office. That person would not be an inventor and would not be eligible for a patent in the first place. Keep in mind that there are stiff penalties in place to protect against that. So the real issue involves the case of simultaneous non-collaborative invention that is currently resolved through the interference system.He goes on to say that only ".01 percent of all patent applications could be affected by a change to first inventor to file."